North Carolina EMT State Practice Exam

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In Cardiac Tamponade, how does fluid accumulation affect heart function?

  1. Improves filling efficiency

  2. Allows for normal blood flow

  3. Prevents the heart from filling adequately

  4. Increases heart rate significantly

The correct answer is: Prevents the heart from filling adequately

In cardiac tamponade, the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space exerts pressure on the heart, preventing it from filling adequately during diastole. Normally, the heart chambers expand to allow blood to fill them. However, when there is excess fluid, this pressure restricts the heart's ability to accommodate the incoming blood, leading to decreased stroke volume and impaired cardiac output. This condition can result in symptoms such as hypotension, tachycardia, and jugular venous distension, as the heart struggles to maintain adequate circulation. Understanding the impact of fluid accumulation is crucial for recognizing the critical nature of cardiac tamponade and the need for prompt medical intervention.

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