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Informed consent requires what action from the EMT?

  1. To provide emergency care without explanation

  2. To explain the treatment plan, risks, and alternatives

  3. To obtain consent only from legal guardians

  4. To assume consent in all situations

The correct answer is: To explain the treatment plan, risks, and alternatives

Informed consent is a fundamental principle that ensures patients are aware of and agree to the treatment they will receive. For EMTs, this means that before providing care, they must explain the proposed treatment plan, including the potential risks involved and any alternatives available. This guarantees that patients can make an educated decision regarding their care, respecting their autonomy and rights as individuals. In emergency situations, if a patient is unable to provide consent due to altered mental status or other factors, EMTs may operate under implied consent principles, but it's always best practice to explain the situation when feasible. By ensuring patients understand what they are consenting to, EMTs uphold ethical and legal standards of practice while fostering trust in the patient-provider relationship.