North Carolina EMT State Practice Exam

What are the two main interventions for moderate neonatal needs?

1. Positioning and suction

2. Effective ventilation and airway management

3. Oxygen supply and temperature control

4. Chest compressions and medication delivery

The correct answer is: Effective ventilation and airway management

Effective ventilation and airway management are crucial interventions for moderate neonatal needs because they directly address the vital requirements for adequate oxygenation and removal of carbon dioxide in newborns. Newborns, especially those who are premature or have respiratory distress, may not be able to breathe effectively on their own. Thus, ensuring that their airways are clear and functioning properly is essential for facilitating effective breathing. Ventilation involves providing assistance in breathing or ensuring that the infant is breathing adequately. This may include manual ventilation techniques like bag-mask ventilation or the use of other devices to support the infant's breathing. Proper airway management, which may include suctioning if necessary, ensures that any obstructions (like mucus or meconium) are cleared, enabling better airflow. While interventions such as positioning and suction, oxygen supply and temperature control, and even more advanced procedures like chest compressions and medication delivery are important in their respective contexts, they do not specifically target the immediate need for established and adequate breathing support for a newborn with moderate needs. Effective ventilation and airway management stand out as the most critical and immediate measures in ensuring the infant's survival and stabilization.