North Carolina EMT State Practice Exam

What can trigger hypoglycemia in a patient?

1. Increased carbohydrate intake

2. Overexertion after taking insulin

3. High protein snacks

4. Excessive hydration

The correct answer is: Overexertion after taking insulin

Hypoglycemia occurs when blood glucose levels drop below normal, which can lead to a range of symptoms from shakiness and confusion to severe complications if untreated. The correct answer highlights that overexertion after taking insulin can indeed trigger hypoglycemia. When a patient takes insulin, it increases the uptake of glucose into the cells for energy, which can decrease the amount of glucose circulating in the bloodstream. If the patient then engages in strenuous physical activity, their body may use up the available glucose more quickly than it can be replenished, leading to hypoglycemic symptoms. This is particularly relevant for individuals with diabetes who are managing their insulin levels carefully, as their bodies may not be able to adjust effectively to the combination of insulin and exertion. Understanding the dynamics of insulin, glucose, and exercise is crucial for recognizing how these factors interact and can lead to low blood sugar episodes. In contrast, increased carbohydrate intake generally raises blood sugar levels, high protein snacks do not directly affect blood glucose levels, and excessive hydration is typically not a direct factor in causing hypoglycemia. Focusing on the impact of insulin and physical exertion provides clarity on risk scenarios for hypoglycemia in patients.