North Carolina EMT State Practice Exam

What is a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), commonly known as a stroke?

1. An increase in blood flow to the brain

2. Interruption of blood flow to the brain resulting in loss of function

3. A sudden headache without other symptoms

4. A complete paralysis of the body

The correct answer is: Interruption of blood flow to the brain resulting in loss of function

A cerebrovascular accident (CVA), commonly referred to as a stroke, occurs when there is an interruption of blood flow to the brain. This lack of blood flow deprives brain cells of necessary oxygen and nutrients, which can lead to loss of function in the area of the brain that is affected. The result can manifest as various symptoms, depending on which part of the brain is impacted; these may include weakness, numbness, confusion, difficulty speaking, or loss of coordination. Understanding the mechanism of a CVA is pivotal for recognizing and responding appropriately to its signs and symptoms, as timely medical intervention can significantly improve outcomes for patients. The other options do not accurately describe a stroke. For instance, an increase in blood flow to the brain does not constitute a stroke; rather, it can be a normal physiological response. A sudden headache without other symptoms can indicate various conditions but is not sufficient to classify it as a CVA. Lastly, a complete paralysis of the body is more indicative of a neurological condition but does not specifically define a stroke, which may not always lead to total paralysis but rather localized symptoms based on the affected brain region.