North Carolina EMT State Practice Exam

What is a common reaction during a mass casualty incident?

1. Increased heart rate

2. Release of catecholamine

3. Increased focus

4. Calm demeanor

The correct answer is: Release of catecholamine

During a mass casualty incident, one of the body's primary responses is the release of catecholamines, which include hormones like adrenaline and norepinephrine. This reaction is part of the body's stress response, often referred to as the "fight or flight" response. Catecholamines help prepare the body to deal with stressors by increasing heart rate, enhancing blood flow to muscles, and improving energy availability. This physiological change is vital during emergencies, providing the necessary energy and heightened alertness to respond to the chaotic environment typical in mass casualty incidents. While increased heart rate is also a symptom of the body's reaction to stress, it is a result of catecholamine release rather than a separate or primary response. Increased focus may occur in some individuals, but it does not universally apply and is often overshadowed by the high-stress environment. A calm demeanor is generally not expected during such incidents, as the chaos and urgency can provoke anxiety and heightened emotional responses. Hence, the release of catecholamines stands out as the most relevant and direct reaction during a mass casualty incident.