North Carolina EMT State Practice Exam

What is a common sign of dehydration in hyperglycemic patients?

1. Butterfly rash

2. Dry, warm skin

3. Excessive sweating

4. Cool, clammy skin

The correct answer is: Dry, warm skin

In hyperglycemic patients, dehydration is often a significant concern due to the osmotic effects of elevated blood glucose levels. When glucose levels rise, the kidneys work to excrete the excess glucose, leading to increased urine output. This loss of fluid can result in dehydration, which is commonly reflected in skin condition. Dry, warm skin is a common sign of dehydration because it indicates a reduction in the body's ability to maintain normal moisture levels. In hyperglycemic states, as fluid is lost and the body becomes dehydrated, skin can lose its elasticity and moisture, becoming dry and warm to the touch. The skin may also exhibit a lack of perspiration due to decreased fluid levels, which further contributes to the perception of warmth. Recognizing dry, warm skin in the context of hyperglycemia signals the need for immediate attention and potential fluid resuscitation, as it is indicative of the body's attempt to manage high glucose levels. This understanding is vital for EMTs in assessing and managing patients effectively.