North Carolina EMT State Practice Exam

What is a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?

1. A long-term disability

2. A major stroke with severe effects

3. A temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain

4. An emotional disturbance without physical symptoms

The correct answer is: A temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is characterized by a temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain. This interruption is usually caused by a blood clot or other obstruction, which restricts oxygen-rich blood from reaching brain tissues. The effects of a TIA can manifest as sudden, short-lived symptoms similar to those of a stroke, such as weakness, numbness, or difficulty speaking. However, these symptoms typically resolve within a short period, often within minutes to a few hours, and do not result in permanent neurological damage. The clarity of a TIA's temporary nature distinguishes it from a major stroke, which can lead to long-lasting effects or disabilities, and reinforces the importance of treating a TIA as a warning sign of a potential future stroke. Recognizing and understanding the nature of a TIA can help in emergency medical response and management, as it serves as a crucial opportunity for intervention to prevent a more severe event.