North Carolina EMT State Practice Exam

What treatment should be applied to chemical burns from acids?

1. Apply cold packs

2. Flush the area with plenty of water

3. Cover with gauze immediately

4. Apply ointments to soothe

The correct answer is: Flush the area with plenty of water

The correct treatment for chemical burns from acids involves flushing the area with plenty of water. This approach is essential because it helps to dilute and remove the acidic substance from the skin, minimizing tissue damage and preventing further injury. Water acts as a neutralizing agent, effectively washing away the chemical and reducing the risk of ongoing exposure and injury. Flushing with water should be done continuously for at least 15 to 20 minutes, or even longer if necessary, especially if the chemical is a strong acid. It is crucial to remove any clothing or jewelry near the affected area, as the chemical may adhere to these items and cause further burns. The other options are not appropriate for treating chemical burns. Applying cold packs can lead to hypothermia or additional injury to the affected area, covering with gauze may trap the chemical against the skin and exacerbate the burn, and applying ointments could interfere with the flushing process and retain the harmful substance. Therefore, flushing the area with plenty of water is the most effective and recommended first aid treatment for chemical burns from acids.