North Carolina EMT State Practice Exam

Which of the following describes hyperventilation?

1. Slow and deep breathing

2. Rapid and shallow breathing

3. Steady and regulated breathing

4. Interrupted breathing pattern

The correct answer is: Rapid and shallow breathing

Hyperventilation is characterized by rapid and shallow breathing, leading to an increased rate of ventilation which can result in decreased carbon dioxide levels in the blood. This condition can be observed in situations of anxiety, panic attacks, or medical issues such as metabolic acidosis. The rapid nature of the breathing does not allow for adequate gas exchange, causing the symptoms associated with hyperventilation, such as dizziness, tingling in the extremities, or even fainting. The other options describe different breathing patterns that do not align with the definition of hyperventilation. Slow and deep breathing is often associated with relaxation or a controlled breathing technique. Steady and regulated breathing implies a normal respiratory rate and rhythm, which is not indicative of hyperventilation. An interrupted breathing pattern suggests inconsistent pauses in breathing, which is not the hallmark of hyperventilation's continuous nature. Understanding these distinctions is important for identifying respiratory issues effectively.