North Carolina EMT State Practice Exam

Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of shock?

1. Tachycardia

2. Tachypnea

3. Hypotension

4. Increased consciousness

The correct answer is: Increased consciousness

In the context of shock, the typical symptoms include tachycardia (increased heart rate), tachypnea (increased respiratory rate), and hypotension (low blood pressure). These symptoms arise due to the body’s compensatory mechanisms that respond to insufficient blood flow and oxygen delivery to tissues. Tachycardia occurs as the heart attempts to maintain adequate circulation by beating faster. Tachypnea is a response to decreased oxygen levels, resulting in an increased respiratory rate to enhance oxygen uptake. Hypotension can manifest as the body experiences failure in vascular resistance or blood volume depletion, which are common in shock states. On the other hand, increased consciousness is not a symptom typically associated with shock. In fact, individuals experiencing shock may present with altered mental status, ranging from confusion to decreased consciousness, as the body diverts blood flow away from less vital organs, including the brain. This altered mental state reflects the impact of inadequate perfusion on central nervous system function. Recognizing this difference is crucial for EMTs, as it helps in appropriately identifying the severity of a patient’s condition.