North Carolina EMT State Practice Exam

Which of the following is a classic sign of pulmonary embolism?

1. Gradual chest pain

2. Respiratory distress with sudden onset

3. Persistent cough

4. Wheezing and tightness in the chest

The correct answer is: Respiratory distress with sudden onset

The classic sign of pulmonary embolism is respiratory distress with sudden onset. This condition often arises when a blood clot travels to the lungs, blocking a pulmonary artery. The sudden nature of the symptom pleads towards an acute event, distinguishing it from other types of respiratory or cardiac issues that typically have more gradual manifestations. In the context of pulmonary embolism, the blockage leads to impaired gas exchange, resulting in rapid difficulty in breathing, a sensation of air hunger, and potentially increased respiratory rate. This acute change is indicative of the urgency often associated with a pulmonary embolism, as patients may rapidly deteriorate without prompt medical intervention. The other options may reflect various respiratory or cardiac conditions but do not capture the acute presentation commonly seen with pulmonary embolism. Therefore, understanding the classic signs of pulmonary embolism, particularly the sudden respiratory distress, is key for early recognition and intervention.